This textbook is intended for senior students of medical universities, both medical and pediatric faculties. It is presented in accordance with modern standards. The course of the proposed lectures provides a detailed description of the anatomy and physiology of the eye, various methods of studying the visual analyzer. The main pathological processes affecting various structures of the eye, eyelids, and optic nerve are also described, and the treatment and prevention of these diseases is presented in detail. "Lecture notes on eye diseases" can be used in preparation for the exam on eye diseases.