Introduction to Psychology - a book with this title was originally conceived, where the articles “Human Nature” and “Structure of Personality” were the first two chapters. Written around 70, when “The literature on psychoanalysis in Russian was exhausted by Freud’s early works, published in the twenties (usually in poor translations). Freud's works, written after the First World War, and all the enormous literature they generated, have never been translated, except for a very fragmentary presentation of some issues in Shibutani's book “Social Psychology.” (This is what A.I. Fet wrote in the translator’s Preface to Bern’s book “Introduction to Psychiatry and Psychoanalysis for the Uninitiated”). Let us recall that Shibutani’s book was published here in 1969. Ethology was just beginning, and K. Lorenz’s book “Das sogennante Böse” (“The So-Called Evil”) was first published in 1963, in Vienna. Freud at that time in the intelligentsia circles were carried away, although they understood him poorly. And in response to attempts to talk about ethology, the newly emerging science of behavior, A.I. I invariably heard: “We tell you about people, and you tell us about geese and ducks.” Then he wrote two chapters of “Introduction to Psychology”, one of which is devoted to the discoveries of Lorenz, and the other - to Freud. (Editor's note)