Veligor Publishing House presents to you the second book in the “Ancient Magic” series: “Graphic Magic of the Icelanders.” This work includes ancient manuscripts of the peoples of Europe. The author tried to systematize and present the material in a practical manner.

Runic magic played an important role in the culture and life of the northern Germanic peoples. The oldest runes of the north known to us date back to the third century AD. People believed that the runes themselves were invented by the ace - the patron of magic - Odin (hence one of his names “Head of the Runes”). The cult of Odin probably arose in northern Europe along with the emergence of knowledge about runes there. Since the alphabet of the Goth Wulfila is influenced by the runic futhark (“alphabet”), some experts have hypothesized that the runes came north along with the nomadic Gothic tribes, perhaps through the Scandinavian people known as the Heruli, some of whom lived at one time in the third century next to the Goths near the Black Sea. Or the runes became known thanks to German mercenaries in the Roman armies, after their return to their homeland.