According to Alexander Werth, author of the famous “Russia in the War of 1941–1945,” many Odessa residents “felt like fish out of water in the outwardly carefree Odessa that it was under Antonescu, with its restaurants and the “black market”, its brothels and gambling dens, lotto clubs, cabarets and all other attributes of “European culture,” including opera, ballet and symphony orchestras.” The period of occupation became a time of severe terror for Odessa residents. And at the same time, it was a period of free enterprise, a kind of neo-NEP, which sharply distinguished Odessa from other occupied cities of the USSR. This book includes memories of Odessa during the occupation period, extracted from the Bakhmetev archive of Columbia University (New York) and emigrant publications.< /p>