Hurley Creel is an outstanding American sinologist, author of scientific works on the history, government system, philosophical and religious movements of China. In this book, intended for a wide readership, the scientist examines the main stages in the formation of the philosophical system of the Celestial Empire from the time of the Shang Dynasty (XV-XIII centuries BC) until the proclamation of the People's Republic of China. Professor Creel describes the philosophical views that developed in the ancient period of Chinese history, introduces readers to the foundations of the teachings of Confucius and the legacy of Mozi and Mencius, and examines the philosophical concepts of Taoism and Neo-Confucianism. In the final chapters of his book, the authoritative sinologist highlights the dramatic changes that affected the social and political life of China in the first half of the 20th century, and concludes that the key principles of traditional philosophy continue to be fundamental in the life of modern Chinese society.