The modern scientific picture of the world is considered, covering the widest range of data on cosmogony, biogenesis, anthropogenesis, sociogenesis, etc. These data are so heterogeneous that they fall under a common denominator only at the level of a universal cause-and-effect law. To understand its origin, it is necessary to explain how the laws of conservation and non-decrease of entropy arose. To stretch the thread of causality from the physical and astronomical world to human society, it is necessary to comprehend the paths and results of bioevolution. All this gives us the opportunity to understand where the center of the Universe is, how and why dinosaurs arose and died out, why man is the only one on the planet who has science and art. For students of higher educational institutions studying the course “The Concept of Modern Natural Science.” Can be used by graduate students in preparation for the minimum candidate exam in the field of history and philosophy of science.