His appearance was not preceded by any significant theoretical research or doubts. The main task in creating the R-5 was the selection of optimal dimensions and flight characteristics in accordance with the available capabilities. The need for an aircraft with higher combat and flight characteristics than the serially produced P-1 was understood as obvious in the second half of the 1920s. The single-engine reconnaissance class, capable of performing the functions of a light bomber and attack aircraft, was the most common at that time; aircraft of this type were the basis of both Soviet and foreign air forces. In 1929, reconnaissance aircraft accounted for 82% of the total number of aircraft in Soviet combat aviation. The new reconnaissance aircraft, designated P-5, appeared on airfields already in the early 30s, when this ratio began to change in favor of specialized military vehicles. Therefore, the R-5 has become a multi-purpose working aircraft, performing the functions of a combat, transport, and passenger aircraft.