The monograph is devoted to a historiographic analysis from the standpoint of modern linguistics of the scientific heritage of the Geneva School - one of the leading areas of linguistics of the 20th century, which had a significant impact on the development of the science of language and has not lost its significance. A comprehensive assessment of the scientific heritage of the Geneva School is given, its place in the history of linguistics is determined, unifying principles are established that give grounds to recognize this school as an independent scientific association. The concept of the Geneva School is analyzed not only on the basis of the canonical text of the “Course of General Linguistics” by F. de Saussure, but also with the widespread use of his handwritten sources, archival materials, and documentary sources. Components of the scientific heritage of the Geneva School that are insufficiently represented in existing works are introduced into scientific circulation - the theory of the linguistic sign, grammatical doctrine, semiological concept and a new array of data - Saussurological studies, materials from scientific funds. In view of Given the breadth of problems of the scientific heritage of the Geneva School, it is of interest to specialists in various areas of the science of language: history and theory of linguistics, grammar and stylistics, text linguistics, pragmalinguistics and cognitive linguistics.