The book of the outstanding Russian primatologist L.A. Firsov “On the Bumpy Roads of Science” is an autobiographical note about more than half a century of his scientific activity. The author talks about his student years, about the post-war period, which coincided with his postgraduate studies with academician L.A. Orbeli, then about many years of work at the Institute of Physiology. I.P. Pavlov and the Institute of Evolutionary Physiology named after. I.M. Sechenov. L.A. Firsov developed the latest developments of I.P. Pavlov in the field of experimental primatology, attached particular importance to the study of the behavior of monkeys in natural conditions, organized the export of monkeys to the islands of Leningrad, Pskov and other regions. The book presents rich material about relationships in the monkey community, food choice, nest-making and even drawing activities of anthropoids. The problem of memory is considered in comparative phylogenetic and ontogenetic aspects. The scientist talks about the peculiarities of scientific work, the organization of research, and relationships with colleagues. The book is of particular interest to biologists, psychologists, doctors, and teachers.