This edition presents the first volume of the famous work “History of the Social System of Ancient France”, written by the outstanding French historian Numa-Denis Fustel de Coulanges (1830–1889). The book is dedicated to Ancient Gaul, first fragmented, and then subjugated and united by Rome. The author examines in detail the state of Gaul before the Roman conquest and its political structure in the first three centuries of imperial rule. In Russian, de Coulanges' book was published in 1901, edited by the historian M.I. Grevs.