This manual presents clinical lectures on all areas of ophthalmology, which discuss modern views on the etiology, pathogenesis, and classification of the most common eye diseases. Their clinical manifestations, complications and criteria for assessing the severity of the pathology are described and modern methods of diagnosis and treatment (conservative, laser, surgical) of these diseases are shown, starting with the provision of assistance at the pre-medical stage. The differential diagnosis of acute conditions is given. The lectures are intended for students of medical universities, residents and interns, practitioners, and students of the Faculty of Advanced Training.