Few of the child heroes in world history managed to acquire such a bad reputation as Pavlik Morozov. Meanwhile, all materials about the life of this hero are subject to doubt, including the official “Case of the Murder of the Morozov Brothers,” compiled by the OGPU. It is possible that there was not even the famous denunciation of his father, but the reasons for the murder of Pavlik and his brother Fedya were more of a domestic rather than political nature. One of the main objectives of this book is to fit the figure of Pavlik Morozov into the context of the historical process, in particular into the history of collectivization of the Ural village in the early 1930s. Consideration of the evolution of the legend about his “feat” from September 1932 to the end of the 1980s helps to get an idea of how the cults of Soviet heroes were created.