The monograph is devoted to the textual, historical and literary study of the collection of Roman Acts, known in Western Europe since the 13th century. and translated into Rus' in the last third of the 17th century. The collection in different editions includes about 40 stories of a fictional nature and had a great influence on Russian literature during the transition from the ancient Russian literary tradition to the literature of modern times. As a result of textual research, a number of previously unknown editions of both the complex as a whole and individual stories from its composition were identified; all of them are published for the first time using all available handwritten texts. The publication is intended for philologists, literary historians, students and everyone interested in ancient Russian literature and international subjects.