The chronology and history of antiquity accepted today, created in the 16th–17th centuries, apparently contains serious errors. This was understood and discussed by many outstanding scientists of the 17th–20th centuries. However, reconstructing the true chronology and history of antiquity has proven to be a difficult task. But a group of mathematicians from Moscow State University coped with it perfectly. As a result of the work, interesting results were obtained, published both in scientific periodicals and in the form of separate monographs. This book introduces the developed new, significantly shorter chronology, based on the analysis of historical sources using the methods of mathematics, statistics and extensive computer calculations.