The collection includes articles by authors from different countries exploring the problems of the relationship between the philosophical concepts of the French philosopher Michel Foucault (1926–1984) and literary critical thought. The main attention of the authors is directed to the ways of deploying philosophical thought with the help of literary works in the works of Foucault, as well as to the image, figure and thought of Foucault in non-scientific fiction. The research work is preceded by M. Foucault’s text about J.-J., translated into Russian for the first time. Rousseau.