How the spirit of our time was created and in what forms it now manifests itself is what this book tries to describe, by outlining the genesis of the bearer of this spirit and its representative - the bourgeois. In order to ensure that the reader’s ideas are never lost in the realm of shadows of abstraction, but, on the contrary, are always full of contemplations of living life, I placed man himself at the center of my research and chose the title that this book bears. However, only the spiritual side of the human species - the bourgeois - will occupy us, and not its social relations: this is expressed in the subtitle: “Studies on the history of the spiritual development of modern economic man.”