The book is dedicated to the history of ancient Greek philosophy: ancient philosophy is considered in connection with the emergence and development of scientific knowledge - mathematics, cosmology, physics. Outlining the teachings of ancient Greek philosophers, the author set himself the task of showing what questions worried them and how, from the desire to solve these questions, philosophical constructions arose, and from dissatisfaction with the initial answers, new problems and new teachings were born. To reveal the truly universal significance of those questions to which they were looking for an answer ancient philosophers, as well as to understand the meaning of the answers they found, a meaning that is often hidden from the modern reader in the originality of the philosophical language in which the Greek sages spoke - this was the task primarily set by the author of the book.