The Philosophy of Evolution, with a Preliminary Essay on the Metaphysical Basis of Science by Stephen G. Carpenter is an important philosophical work that explores the nature of evolution and its influence on the worldview of modern science. The author offers an in-depth analysis of the processes and laws of evolution as a basis for understanding the development of living nature and society. The book covers the main concepts of evolution, starting from the classic theories of Charles Darwin and ending with modern research in the field of genetics and ecology. The author considers the evolutionary process as fundamental for the development of life on Earth and reveals its relationship with various aspects of scientific disciplines. In addition, in the previous essay, the author examines the metaphysical aspects of science, investigating their influence on the formation of the scientific worldview and methods of cognition. He emphasizes the importance of philosophical thinking in scientific research and claims that understanding the nature of evolution requires deep analysis not only at the level of empirical facts, but also at the level of metaphysical principles. The general idea of the book is to show the importance of philosophical and scientific approaches to the understanding of evolutionary processes and establish their relationship with the general development of mankind. Carpenter created an important work that contributes to the expansion of scientific knowledge and to the increase in the level of understanding of evolutionary phenomena as a key component of the scientific picture of the world.