The Callicak Family: A Study of the Heredity of Mental Retardation is an important book in the field of psychiatry and genetics written by Henry Herbert Goddard (1866-1957), a famous American psychologist and psychiatrist. The author investigates the influence of genetic factors on intellectual abilities and human behavior, highlighting the history and development of one family that became a symbol of hereditary dementia. In this book, Goddard discusses the heredity found in the "Callicak" family, examining the survival and success of its members. The author conducts an analysis of heredity and the influence of hereditary factors on the development of mental abilities of individuals in this family. The book poses difficult moral questions to the reader regarding heredity and preventing the spread of genetic defects in society. Thanks to this work, Henry Goddard made a significant contribution to the understanding of genetic mechanisms and social influence on human intellectual development. The Callicak Family remains a relevant and important book for anyone interested in psychiatry, genetics, and social anthropology.