In train aid modern looks are expounded to etiology, pathogeny, clinical presentation, cardiovascular, metabolic and neurological complications of syndrome of obstructive апноэ dream (СОАС). Description of basic methods of diagnostics of СОАС is Given in accordance with international classification. Considerable attention is spared to the choice of optimal tactics of treatment depending on combination of reasons and weight of disease. Общепрофилактические, pharmacological, orthodontic and surgical methods over of treatment are brought. In detail the most effective method of treatment of СОАС of middling-heavy degree is described is uninvasion auxiliary ventilation of lungs by permanent positive pressure during a night dream (-терапия). A manual is counted on internists, cardiologists, pulmonologists, neurologists, otorhinolaryngologists, endocrinologies, emergency physicians and other doctors, interested in the problems of violations of breathing in sleep.