In a book first history of unique research establishment of Communist party of the USSR is investigated in home and foreign historiography - Institute of marxism-leninism (ИМЛ) at ЦК of КПСС for 70 all of his activity, from 1921 to 1991. Through the prism of history of ИМЛ the role of ideology of marxism-leninism is traced in life of soviet society - from an uniting, mobilizing factor to her transformation in Orthodox, dogmatic doctrine the following of that resulted in disintegration of the USSR. An author is a doctor of historical sciences, professor М. М. Мухамеджанов, being more than fourth of century by the employee of Institute, was a witness and participant of scientific process and everyday life of this ideological center of party and on the experience tested the hard pressing of political censorship. Study is undertaken an on the base of the archived documents of ЦК of КПСС and Institute of marxism-leninism, printed editions of ИМЛ, and also remembrances of his former anchorwomen of research workers, including diary records of author.Edition is counted on a wide reader audience - from the researchers of soviet period of history of Russia to the young readers, interested in our recent past.