Information technologies have radically changed human life, affecting every aspect of it - from business and science to politics and art. Artificial intelligence has ceased to be science fiction and has become a reality. And it is precisely this comprehensive computerization of society that has raised before us a new fundamental question: what is the difference between artificial intelligence and human intelligence, and is there any at all? John von Neumann, in his truly prophetic book that has stood the test of time and is still regularly reprinted, states: such a difference is minimal. Despite all the differences in the architecture and building blocks of the brain and a computer, artificial intelligence is nevertheless capable of imitating the functioning of the brain.