"Dissertation on the Unnecessity of Amputation of Limbs" is a scientific work of the Austrian doctor Johann Ulrich Bilger, which was first published in 1761. In this book, the author examines and discusses the problem of the unreasonableness of the frequent use of limb amputation in surgery. Bilger argues that in most cases, amputation is not only unnecessary, but can be harmful to the patient, believing that more conservative methods of treatment can be more effective and safer. This book was a significant contribution to the development of surgery and medicine in general, emphasizing the importance of a sound approach to the treatment of patients.