The book by L. A. Gindin and V. L. Tsymbursky “Homer and the History of the Eastern Mediterranean” is the first work in Russian science dedicated to the centuries-old history of ancient Troy and the adjacent territories of the Balkans and Asia Minor, as well as the reconstruction of the real reality behind Greek legends about the great Trojan War. When analyzing the text of Homer's poems, in addition to the Greek and Latin literary tradition, various ancient written sources were used: Hittite, Greco-Mycenaean archival documents and Egyptian inscriptions; Archaeological data are widely used.