The book "Significant achievements in space bioscience 1958-1964" is a unique scientific review of the results of research in the field of space bioscience, carried out in the period 1958-1964 under the auspices of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration of the USA. The authors draw attention to significant discoveries that were made during this period, which were important for the further development of space medicine and biology. The book contains detailed descriptions of experiments performed on board space vehicles, analysis of research results and their impact on scientific progress in this field. "Significant Advances in Space Bioscience 1958-1964" expands our understanding of the effects of the space environment on living organisms and opens new perspectives for future research in space medicine. This book is an important record of scientific advances in the field of space biology and will be a useful source of information for scientists interested in the problems of space science and medicine.