The book is dedicated to the history of the formation of Jerusalem as the holy city of three monotheistic religions - Judaism, Christianity and Islam. It tells about the emergence of religious shrines, the development of pilgrimage traditions associated with Jerusalem, and the coexistence of three communities in the Holy City for many centuries. The last part of the book shows the origins of the “Jerusalem problem” in the context of the Arab-Israeli conflict and the search for ways to resolve it. The author used not only a large volume of Russian and foreign sources, but also personal impressions of several years spent in Israel.