The book includes works related to the field of Slavic ethnolinguistics - a discipline that studies language, traditional spiritual culture (rites, customs, beliefs) and folklore in their inextricable unity. The first section of the book is devoted to the theoretical aspects of ethnolinguistics and the main stages of its formation in domestic science and in the Polish ethnolinguistic school. The second section discusses the interaction of paganism and Christianity in the Slavic cultural tradition and analyzes texts reflecting this interaction. The third section is devoted to the analysis of the structure and poetics of folklore texts of different genres: proverbs, wedding and funeral lamentations, incantations - and some poetic devices: antithesis, negation, rhythmic figures, etc. The fourth section examines beliefs as a special genre of folk culture and ways of expressing them in word, text, ritual, everyday practice. The book is intended for folklorists, teachers and students of philological and ethnographic specialties and everyone interested in the traditional folk culture of the Slavs.