The book "An inquiry into the causes of frequent executions at Tyburn (1725)" by the famous philosopher Bernard Mandeville is the first systematic attempt to analyze the causes of high crime and frequent punishment in London in the 18th century. The author conducts a deep analysis of the nature of human nature, society and ethics, arguing that many crimes are the result of the natural state of man. In the book, Mandeville highlights the relationship between morality, economics and politics, putting forward rather provocative theses about society and its functioning. This work became an important contribution to the development of social philosophy and economic thought of its time.