This book is the first systematic study in Russian science of the debate about the veneration of the name of God, which arose at the beginning of the twentieth century on Mount Athos and came to Russia, where prominent church and public figures, theologians and philosophers took part in them. Restoring in detail the historical outline of the controversy on the basis of previously unknown archival data, the author focuses on the theological understanding of the issues of controversy, as well as the theory and practice of the Jesus Prayer in Byzantine and Russian monasticism. Consistently analyzing the main works of supporters and opponents of imyaslaviya, he critically evaluates the positions of both sides in the light of the Tradition of the Church. The book received high marks from specialists and was awarded the Makariev Prize. The publication is intended for theologians, historians of the Church, teachers and students of higher educational institutions, all interested in history and development of the Orthodox faith.