Ludwig Boltzmann is one of the main figures in modern physics. Active in late 19th-century Vienna, he revolutionized the study of matter to include probability and championed the existence of atoms at a time when many philosophers and even influential scientists denied it. Despite the fact that the scientist’s updated concept of entropy and the principle of thermodynamics based on it laid the foundations for the quantum and relativistic revolution in the next century, Boltzmann’s categorical views did not always meet with the support of his colleagues, and this misunderstanding may have been the reason for his tragic suicide.