So Yoson is a South Korean scientist, Doctor of Science, specialist in the study of German language and literature, editor-in-chief of the publishing house of the Korean Bertolt Brecht Society, exploring the connections between various disciplines from theater arts to neurobiology. Is it easy to believe that Aristotle and science fiction film The “Matrix” runs like a red thread through modern brain science and the philosophy of Spinoza, explaining the relationship between the brain and the mind? How are the brain, which is called the cradle of consciousness, and the mind, to which the activity of consciousness is directed, connected? Is it possible that the phenomenon of the mind , which is considered to be a decisive factor in human development, distinguishing humans from animals, can be explained only by the electrochemical activity of neurons in the brain? This book is dedicated to addressing such fundamental questions and brings together several scientific disciplines that have evolved from intense debates about the relationship of matter and mind that take their toll began in ancient times and continues to this day. This work is not a simple citation of previously written studies aimed at defending its position, it emphasizes the need for a new brain study that will have to incorporate both philosophical conclusions and a scientific evidence base.