Great Patriotic War 1941-1945. is one of the most tragic pages in the history of our country. The national factor was of particular importance during this period - due to the fact that the policy of Hitler's Germany was based on a national (racial) basis. The book, based on archival documents, compares the national policy of the USSR and the policy of Hitler's Germany towards the Soviet peoples in the pre-war period, including the implementation of political aspirations of the Soviet Union in Western Ukraine, Western Belarus and the Baltic states, the deployment of Nazi policy in the occupied territory of the USSR and countermeasures of the national policy of the Soviet Union, as well as collaboration among citizens of the USSR, the religious issue in the occupied territory, the ethnopolitical consequences of Hitler's occupation and the struggle of the Soviet authorities with the nationalist movement in the liberated territory of the country.