The anthology was compiled by the talented culturologist L.A. Mostova (02/3/1949–12/30/2000), who contributed to the development of cultural studies. The book introduces the reader to the anthropological tradition of the study of culture, it presents translations of original texts by E. Wallace, R. Linton, A. Hallowell, G. Bateson, L. White, B. Whorf, D. Aberle, A. Martinet, R. Needham , J. Greenberg, revealing the key problems of cultural studies: the concept of culture, the concept of the science of culture, the typology and dynamics of culture and methods of its interpretation, the symbolic field of culture, personality in the space of culture, language and cultural reality, the study of mythology and folklore, the sacred in culture. The wide range of problems covered in this publication can provide a higher level of cultural research. The publication is addressed to teachers, graduate students, students, and everyone interested in cultural problems.