This publication contains materials from the trial of pilot Francis Gary Powers. On May 1, 1960, the U-2 aircraft piloted by Powers crossed the state border of the USSR for reconnaissance purposes. Near Sverdlovsk, the plane was shot down by surface-to-air missiles. The pilot managed to jump out with a parachute, was detained by local residents and handed over to the KGB. On August 19, 1960, F. G. Powers was sentenced by the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR to 10 years in prison. On February 10, 1962, in Berlin, F. G. Powers was exchanged for Soviet intelligence officer Rudolf Abel. The events that took place clearly characterize the features of the “Cold War” that existed between the USA and the USSR during the period under review.