The ancient land of kings and prophets, poets and generals, philosophers and farmers, a treasury of the world's spiritual and intellectual heritage, the cradle of three world religions and the ancestral home of the alphabet. The book by Philip Hitti, a professor at Princeton and Harvard universities, is devoted to the history of the states of the Fertile Crescent - Syria, Lebanon, Palestine and Transjordan from ancient times to the mid-twentieth century. Professor Hitti examines the history of the region, relying on the research of archaeologists and anthropologists, analyzing the culture and religious views of the peoples who inhabited it, as well as relationships with neighboring states. The publication is more relevant than ever due to the increased attention to Syria, which at all times has been the focus of interests in world politics. The publishing layout is preserved in PDF A4 format.