The focus of this study is on the creative legacy of John Colet, a prominent representative of Christian humanistic thought of the Renaissance. A number of images existing in historiography, according to the author, distort the intellectual and spiritual image of Colet. An attempt to clear it of the “layers” of various interpretations forms the core of this book. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the intellectual’s attitude to ancient culture, Christian texts, historical and philosophical thought of the Renaissance, and ideas about Colet’s relationship with Marsilio Ficino and Erasmus of Rotterdam are corrected. The monograph reveals the specifics of his theological views on the key issues of justification by faith, divine predestination and free will, papal supremacy for Protestantism, analyzes his proposed project of church reform, and examines a set of problems relating to Colet’s attitude to heresy. For historians, specialists in the culture of the Renaissance, teachers , graduate students, students, as well as readers interested in the history of the Renaissance and Reformation.