A collection of essays by famous scientists, political and public figures was prepared at the initiative of UNESCO and the Simon Wiesenthal Center in 2007. The book, dedicated to the outstanding human rights activist, the “famous Nazi hunter” Simon Wiesenthal (1908-2005), was published in English and French languages. Now it is addressed to the Russian-speaking reader. The collection is intended for those who are concerned about the problems of tolerance and countering anti-Semitism, xenophobia and chauvinism. We hope that the book will attract the attention of public and political figures in Russia, researchers of the Second World War and the Holocaust, teachers and students.