The book is dedicated to the history of various forms of political structure of mainland Hellas, as well as Elis and Attica, and makes it possible to clarify the impact of the political and legal events that took place on the legal consciousness, psychology and public perceptions of their population. The early history of Elis and its sanctuary at Olympia is examined. The role of the law-making of the Olympic sanctuary and all of Elis in the development of inter-Hellenic legal norms and the consistent strengthening of pan-Hellenic legality is revealed. When studying the history of Attica, the evolutionary improvement of its politeia, characterized by the limitation of the power of monarchs in the 11th century, was traced. and the subsequent division of the highest executive body into three separate departments at the end of the 11th century. The triple power, or triarchy, led to the strengthening of the power of the highest aristocracy, which in 754 achieved the re-election of triarchs every 10 years. Already in 683, the oligarchs reformed the triarchy into a nine-power of annually elected one-year archons. The ennearchy system allowed the oligarchs to intensify their attack on the rights of citizens of middle and lower incomes, which exacerbated social clashes throughout society. The resistance of the people to the oligarchic order provided Solon with the opportunity to crush the oligarchy and establish early democratic statehood in Attica. CONTENTS: Preface 7 Introduction: to the study of the issue 8 Chapter 1. Hellas in the XII-VIII centuries: the era of growing cohesion of the ethnic group and its political and legal polymorphism 21 Chapter 2. The significance of Elis and Olympia in the process of strengthening pan-Hellenic legal consciousness 95Chapter 3. Development of statehood and legal order in early polyarchic Attica (XI-VII centuries) 188Conclusion 389Zusammenfassung 391Glossary of terms 397Conventional abbreviations 398Literature 399