The textbook is intended for students of artistic disciplines studying the features of textiles and costume in the context of a specific historical period. The manual examines the evolution of textile patterns, identifying the ethnic features of textiles and costumes of different peoples of the Ancient World. Textile art, being one of the oldest forms of human self-expression, reflects the history of every nation. Features of the material, manufacturing method, fabric ornamentation speak volumes: about the cultural, social, religious, political characteristics of ancient states.