The historiography of the peasant war under the leadership of S. T. Razin is inseparable from the history of social thought in Russia. About how the events of 1667–1671 seemed to be. and their participants to their contemporaries, how Razin and the movement he led were perceived by outstanding pre-revolutionary and Soviet historians is described in this book. The central place in it belongs to the Soviet historiography of the uprising. The author traces how the image of a folk rebel, dear to the Russian heart, lived in legends and traditions and was passed on from generation to generation. For a wide range of readers.