The book examines three stages in the development of ideas about the surrounding World u003d the observable part of the Universe: classical, non-classical and beginning, post-non-classical, and examines all known levels of matter - from elementary particles (microworld) to the macro- and megaworld (clusters of galaxies and higher ). In a popular presentation, the book examines the entire surrounding world. Particular attention is paid to post-non-classical approaches (visual, as opposed to non-classical), thanks to which one can see elementary particles from the point of view of their internal structure, and find possible solutions to a number of unresolved issues of modern physics , including the reasons for the fractional electric charges of quarks, the reasons for the presence of three generations of elementary particles, the predominance of matter over antimatter, and many others. etc. Thanks to new ideas about particles, it is possible to see higher levels of matter in a new way. The book examines objects of each of the known levels of matter in the surrounding World, taking into account the latest experimental and theoretical achievements.