The world of science is amazing and diverse. One random observation can trigger a chain of discoveries that are most important for humanity, as was the case with the invention of antibiotics. This book will help trace the journey of scientific thought from the ancient society, which created primitive stone tools, to the present day, when genetics, medicine, physics, chemistry, artificial intelligence are flourishing and space is being actively studied. Here you will find the theories that have become the foundation of modern science: from the first ideas about the stars to modern theories about the origin of the Universe and predictions of its end; from the “taming” of fire to the invention of complex technical devices such as the Large Hadron Collider and the Hubble and James Webb telescopes; from medicinal bloodletting and alchemists’ search for a cure for all diseases to the creation of antibiotics.