Arthur Basham's book “The Civilization of Ancient India” chronologically covers the period from Paleolithic settlements to the 16th century, and geographically covers the vast territory of modern India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Sri Lanka and part of Afghanistan. Showing the ethnic, linguistic, political, religious, social diversity and originality of the Hindu way of life and worldview, the author presents us with Indian civilization as one of the most original world civilizations, which, since the time of Alexander the Great, amazed Europeans with the originality of its culture and was for them a “horizon of dreams” .