Biological weapons as a means of mass destruction are prohibited by international agreements. The presence of chemical and biological weapons served as the reason for the American invasion of Iraq (this type of weapon was not there) and the overthrow of the Saddam Hussein regime. With the presence of such weapons in Syria and the likelihood of them falling into the hands of terrorists, Western experts are now trying to justify the need for an operation against the Assad government in Syria. This book describes the threats biological weapons pose, the principles of their operation, and what dangers humanity will face if these weapons fall into the hands of terrorists. The monograph fills gaps in knowledge about biological threats, information about which is widely presented in Western sources, but is absent in domestic ones, which until now has put Russian specialists at an unequal position with their Western colleagues. The book is intended for scientists, graduate and undergraduate students of biological and medical specialties, doctors, health care managers, and law enforcement officials. but is mainly aimed at lower-level specialists (who are usually the first to face the consequences of terrorist acts and sabotage). Part 1. A brief history of the use of biological agents to kill people.