John Galbraith, one of the most prominent and influential modern American economists, in his work “The New Industrial Society” explores the main trends in the development of the economy of the second half of the twentieth century. He puts forward the concept of “industrial society”, where the active role belongs to the state, introduces the concept of “ technostructure" and "mature corporation". J. Galbraith's book, published in the mid-twentieth century, is still relevant today, in the modern economic conditions that Russia is experiencing. Written in a lively, accessible language, containing many vivid examples and comparisons, it will be of interest to both specialists and to a wide range of readers.