The monograph is dedicated to that tragic period for the Greeks, when they waged an unequal struggle with the king of neighboring Macedonia, the famous commander Alexander. The work focuses on the problems of the relationship between the Greeks and the conqueror, the struggle for freedom and the desire for power. Based on the analysis of various sources, the following main issues are explored: the uniqueness of the political struggle in the city-states, the peculiarities of the situation of the Hellenic states, already subordinate to Macedonia, and those who did not want to come to terms with the loss of independence, the place of the Hellenes in the system of the new empire. Table of contents: Introduction 5Chapter 1. Review of sources 20Chapter 2. On the nature of the political struggle in Athens 56Chapter 3. Independent polis and the Macedonian state 135Chapter 4. Greek cities of Asia Minor and Alexander 155Chapter 5. Polis in structure of the new empire 199Conclusion 211Notes 215List of abbreviations 240Bibliography 242Index of names 265Index of geographical names 270Appendix.Hyperid. Speech in defense of Euxenippus when Polyeuctus accused him of illegality 273Summary 285