The book by Vyatka psychiatrist Leonard Filippovich Salamatov shows the processes of the gradual formation of psychiatry as a medical science. It begins with the development of psychiatry in Europe, the peculiarities of views, understanding and differences of views. Depending on the level of conditions in society, the methodology of treatment processes also changes. The process in Russia is taking a completely different path. The development of psychiatry in the Vyatka province is closely related to what is happening in Russia. The author seeks to show the development of Vyatka psychiatry not only from the standpoint of the organization of psychiatry. It seeks to show progress in terms of advances in the treatment of the mentally ill, progress in development from other perspectives. The final result of psychiatrists is only in obtaining treatment results. The text contains the author’s conclusions, thoughts and considerations regarding what is happening both in psychiatry and in the state. They are intertwined very closely. Psychiatry, as a science, is not isolated from the history of the country's development.