The diary of the Scotsman Patrick Gordon (1635-1699), who became a Russian general and mentor of Peter the Great, is a unique source on the history of Europe and Russia in the second half of the 17th century. This edition continues the first complete scientific publication of this monument (M., 2000; M., 2002; M., 2005; M., 2009). The fifth of the surviving volumes of Gordon’s notes covers in detail the first years of the independent reign of Peter I, including amusing campaigns and trips to Pereslavl and Arkhangelsk, where the Russian fleet was born. Here is the most complete and reliable description of the first Azov campaign. The volume contains more than a hundred letters from the author to various people: members of his clan, statesmen and businessmen from different countries, as well as many official and personal documents. The text of the “Diary” is supplemented by comments, indexes and illustrations. For historians and a wide range of readers. CONTENTS: 1690 (5).1691 (69).1692 (122).1693 (180).1694 (236).1693 (314).D.G. Fedosov. “From the steppe to the sea” (435). Notes (484). Index of names (581). Index of geographical names (605). List of illustrations (617). List of abbreviations (619).