Professor Evgeny Kostin is widely known as the author of books about Russian literature that are popular among readers. He is also a recognized researcher of the artistic world of M.A. Sholokhov. His approach is associated with an understanding of the writer’s aesthetics and worldview on the largest scale: as the embodiment of the main constants of Russian culture. In the new work, the author demonstrates the artistic and worldview unity of M.A.’s creativity. Sholokhov. For the first time in literary criticism, a voluminous and rich picture of the writer’s aesthetics as a whole is being recreated. The reader, perhaps unexpectedly, will see a new Sholokhov: a writer with a complex picture of the world, artistically sophisticated, surprisingly truthful and truly popular. The ideal, humanism, the original philosophical thought of the writer, the aesthetic categories of tragic, catharsis, comic, chronotope and a number of others are analyzed in book by E.A. Kostina. Of particular interest are the pressing issues considered by the researcher of the 1917 revolution in connection with the development of Russian civilization in the 20th century. The book is published in the writer’s anniversary year (115 years since his birth) and is intended for the widest segment of readers who continue to care about the fate of Russia and its culture today.