The book is dedicated to the cultural heritage of the peoples who lived three hundred thousand years ago on a small piece of land called Palestine. The author talks about the unique Natufian culture, in which people for the first time began to produce large quantities of food, make supplies, build villages and lead a sedentary lifestyle. A detailed study of archaeological finds gives us the opportunity to understand the changes that took place in the psychology of people during the period of early agriculture, which ended with the emergence and development of the first cities. The most ancient of them is considered to be Jericho, which arose on the land of Palestine.